Rochester Youth Development Study Relationship Between...

The behavior among juveniles and family problems among their homes is a major issue at hand in our society today. According to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (2010), in the year 2010, 784 juveniles were arrested for murder, 2,198 for rape, and 35,001 for aggravated assault. The amount of juveniles being involved in violent crimes is very detrimental to all aspects of our society, but environmental factors are a major component of this issue that needs to be analyzed. The question is then is how does instability and turmoil within the family affect the rate of juvenile delinquency amount youth. Dysfunction within the family, negative peer pressure and substance abuse all influence the behavior and action of youth ages†¦show more content†¦This theory describes how the events and experiences in a person’s life affect their behaviors, actions, and choices. The life course theory involves a multitude of life and family issues and does not only follow one life or family transition. This theory includes all the transitions that one faces in their family and how it can positively or negatively affect how one chooses the path in their life. Life has its ups and downs and the ways that people act are based upon their experiences throughout their lifetime. According to (2009) there are four principles of life course theories that related to the transitions of families: the time and place where a child develops, the timing of a child’s events in life, human agency, and linked lives. The amount of family transitions that occur throughout a child’s life accumulates as they get older. Also, this theory recognizes that what happens in a family setting affects many other aspects of a person’s life other than just the relationships among family members. The accumulation of the consequences that a child has to face while dealing with transitions among the family creates an atmosphere than really affects children’s liv es. After many studies on the subject of divorce and similar types of family transitions, there is an increased difficulty for parents in monitoring and supervising the actions of their children. Due to the lack of effective parenting,Show MoreRelatedEffects of Child Abuse on Juvenile Delinquency4283 Words   |  18 PagesThe Effects of Child Abuse on Juvenile Delinquency Tyshenia Gavin Virginia State University Dr. Hodgson Abstract This literature review explores existing literature and scholarship that outlines the effects of early child abuse (2-8 years old) on future acts of delinquency. Literature suggests that a correlation exists between the effects of child abuse and delinquency. Common problematic behaviors are socialization changes and learning abilities fromRead MoreVictims Of Childhood Maltreatment And Adult Delinquency3759 Words   |  16 Pageschildhood, directly or indirectly, are more likely to engage in criminal behavior than non-abused individuals. There is a clear and positive association between child maltreatment and adult criminality. This association predisposes the victims of childhood maltreatment to violent, criminal behavior later in life. With this, there is a positive correlation between the type of abuse suffered during childhood and the type of crimes that adult offenders commit. If an individual suffered from sexual abuse duringRead MoreThe Label Gang : A Study Of 1313 Gangs Ess ay6194 Words   |  25 Pagesmotorcyclists, and groups of inner city youths. Despite its diverse application, the term gang almost always connotes involvement in disreputable or illegal activities. 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A research study linking childhood maltreatment and delinquent behaviorRead MoreWhy Do People Commi t Crimes?1145 Words   |  5 Pagescommitting crimes. There has been many case the nuns became pregnant and the priests abused children. However, I consider that externals factor contribute to the breaking of laws. Factors such as poor parenting skills, society and your childhood development experiences and the morals you were raised and your economic status, peer influences, drugs. In the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe great advances in philosophy and science were made that lead us to look at different influence that mayRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesprevailing dynamics of the cold war. 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Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages.................................................................................. 474 Inferring from Correlation to Causation......................................................................................... 479 Criteria for a Causal Relationship................................................................................................ 481 Criteria for Creating Good Explanations ........................................................................................ 483 Assessing

The Human Terrain System ( Hts ) - 856 Words

The Human Terrain System (HTS) is a military based project, which was established in 2007 in response to the terror attacks that took place on September 11, 2001(Shay 2009). This project entails placing anthropologists within the military units in countries like Afghanistan and Iraq to prevent rebellion towards the US troops. The use of anthropology and anthropologists in the HTS comes with a great deal of problems, which are not accounted for but turn out to have a huge impact on the world. Resulting in the false representation and thereby, harm, towards a specific community, the issue of cultural relativism and deaths/injuries to anthropologists Using anthropologists in situations like this causes false representation of the community and overall harm to those people, which is displayed to the world. For example, â€Å"Army appears to be using the anthropological information to better target the enemy† (Shay 2009). This means that the information the anthropologists are gathering and giving to the US government ends up being used against those people rather than used to help them. The anthropologists have no control whatsoever of how the US government interprets this data. Once they use this data incorrectly, or even interpret the data wrong they will react to what they see, which results in the killing of people (Shay 2009). All this shows to world is that the people from those communities are wrong and immoral. They dehumanize them, making it easier to accept cruel treatmentShow MoreRelatedThe Human Terrain System Of The United States801 Words   |  4 Pagesso than now in this hyper-political media driven society. Starting in 2005 the U.S. government created the Human Terrain System (HTS). The Human Terrain System is a programme which would send anthropologists along with the U.S. Army, in an attempt to provide information on the culture of the ‘adversary’ during their missions in the war against Iraq and Afghanistan. The Human Terrain System was one of their efforts in the Middle East to win the ‘hearts-and minds’ of the citizens to ensure smootherRead MoreDifferences Between Egocentric And Sociocentric Views Of The Self1577 Words   |  7 Pagespunishment of the almighty who sent a person with the third gender and should be avoided by the normal human beings. 3. Summarize Mauss on reciprocity. Briefly discuss one cultural example of gift-giving from the text? Answer: Muass considered reciprocity as a method to exchange things to reflect the thoughts and share the relationship among others. He believed that reciprocity is actually a human activity that helps in displaying the affection or anger against the other person in response to the actionsRead MoreChemical Weapons Essay examples8188 Words   |  33 Pagesnot depend upon  explosive  force to achieve an objective. Rather it depends upon the unique properties of the chemical agent weaponized. A lethal agent is designed to injure or incapacitate the enemy, or deny unhindered use of a particular area of terrain.  Defoliants are used to quickly kill vegetation and deny its use for cover and concealment. It can also be used against agriculture and livestock to promote hunger and starvation. With proper protective equipment, training, and decontamination measuresRead MoreEthical Issues Of Engineering Design10298 Words   |  42 Pagesresponsibility of the persons involved. Fundamenta l criteria of the design process includes the derivation of objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis, testing and evaluation. Design can be stated as a process of creating tools or products that suits the human needs. But this often has time and economic constraints. Commonly, French divides the design procedures into 4 levels: 1: Problem analysis 2: Conceptual design 3: Scheme embodiment 4: Detailing A model of the Design process comprises of three phases:Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesCosts 6.4 Activity duration estimates (.3) 6.4.2 Estimating tools (.1.3.4) 6.3.1 Identifying resources 7.1 Activity cost estimates (.2.3.4.5) 5.1.2.4 Delphi method Chapter 6 10.5.3 Cost/schedule system (.1) 6.6 .2.1 Time performance 7.2.3.1 Cost baseline development 7.3.2.1 Earned value system (F.4) 7.3.2.4 E.V., performance status report 7.3.2.2 E.V., forecasts 7.3.2.3 EV., to complete index (EAC) 7.3.2.5 Schedule and cost variance Developing a Project Plan 4.2.2 Planning tools 6.2 Sequence

Dell - Direct Marketing free essay sample

BRIEF SUMMARY The desire to unseat its closest rival Hewlett-Packard in market share war in Australia has driven Dell dramatic change in the service strategy. Dell was successful by selling machines directly to customers – mostly business – by phone or over the internet. However, some analysts believed that its new strategy of selling through retailer is an uphill struggle (Koenig, 2008). As Barry Jaruzelski, a partner at the consulting firm Booz Company said: â€Å"Now that so much of the market is consumers, they have been forced into places that traditionally they didn’t want to go, which is retail† (Koenig, 2008). Twice in this year has Dell stepped out of its direct business model. The first one is when Dell sealed with Officework and partnership with gizmo marked the second time. In the article named â€Å"Dell signs on gizmo to lend a helping hand,† Mitchell (2008) mentions about how the strategy of alliance with Gizmo, an Australian service oriented company, benefits both sides and their customers. We will write a custom essay sample on Dell Direct Marketing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Three main points can be drawn from the article: †¢The availability and guarantee quality of the current service offered by Dell, i. e. the vendor’s on-site, next business day warranty service. The different levels of support creating an integrated service which offer their customer best-in-class services. †¢The continuing evolution of Dell to expand the market share in Australia. In the perspective of service marketing, what concepts can be connected with this event? In term of satisfying consumer, which theory can be used to explain the better service for Dell from this combination? And in the light of the resource based view theory, can Dell â€Å"steal the crown from HP† by playing in the ground that is not its core competence? The answers for those questions will be gradually opened during the discussion in the next two parts. CONCEPTS AND IMPLICATIONS In order to reach a deeper understand of reasons behind the article, this section will go a little further, analysing Dell’s strengths and weaknesses based on concepts of services marketing. The purpose of this is to look beyond the fact to answer for the question why Dell, a well-known company for direct sales and internet commerce, has been moving to retail model which is not its core competitive advantage in foreign market, i. . Australia. Therefore, two main theories supporting the argument will firstly be mentioned. They will then be used as a tool for discussion in the real case. Two marketing services concepts: Perceived risk: Perceived risk has long been identified as a significant factor in consumer decision making conducted by Guseman (1981) and Kaplan et al. (1974) (as cited in Bennett et al. , 2003), and it becomes more complicated for ser vices on the web. Much marketing activity, in fact, is designed to reduce perceived consumer risk. That is why it is crucial to mention about this concept. The extent of the perceived risk is generally determined by a combination of two factors expected consequences and the level of probability of such an outcome occurring (McColl-Kennedy, 2003). Penetrating the dark recesses of the customer’s mind is not an easy task (Kotler, Brown, Adam, Burton, Armstrong, 2007). This is because customer’s perceived risk is an amalgamation of all the possible types of risk with different level of importance. Basically, they can be divided into seven categories comprising financial, functional, physical, psychological, sensory, social, and temporal risk – supposed by McColl-Kennedy (2003). In order to reduce the perceived level of risk, customers usually search for further information by obtaining from family, friends, experts, or from the Internet. Other options can be seek guarantees or warranties, rely on price as a surrogate for quality, evaluate the reputation and image of the company, use an initial trial to evaluate the service, consider tangible cues as guide to service quality. As the result, company can impact on the probability of a consumer purchasing the service by facilitating these options, for example by introducing a guarantee or a trail offer, encouraging positive word of mouth, and using PR and advertising to enhance their reputation (McColl-Kennedy, 2003). Service distribution: The exceptional performance of Dell in recent years illustrates the power of the innovation business model called â€Å"direct model† and build-to-order where information technology has been vital to executing both elements of its business model (Kraemer, Dedrick, and Yamashiro, 1999). However, as presented above Dell has been changing another direction when targeting into Australia. Why is that? Analysing pros and cons of direct or company-owned channel and electronic channels in services marketing perspective, therefore, is necessary for thoroughly understanding the problem. Direct or company-owned channels, on one hand, allow the company to completely control over the outlets as well as to own the customer relationship. One critical implication is that the owner can maintain consistency in service standards. On the other hand, this model requires the company to bare all the risk alone. Moreover, large companies are rarely experts in local markets. Therefore, partnering or joint venturing is almost always preferred to company-owned channels in these situations (Zeithaml, Bitner, Gremler, 2006). Electronic channel are the only service distributors that do not require direct human interaction; thus, using these channels overcome some of the problems associated with service inseparability and allows a form of standardization not previously possible in most services. This benefit is known as consistent delivery for standardized services. Moreover, electronic media offer more efficient means of delivery than does interpersonal distribution; in other words, using it reduces the cost and can interact with large number of consumers. E-commerce also offers companies with quick customer feedback. From the customers’ perspective, web-based business enables them to customise and feel more convenient. In contrast, electronic channels have many drawbacks. They are price competition, inability to customize with highly standardized electronic services, lack of consistency because of customer involvement, changes in consumer behaviour, competition from widening geographies, and last but not least security concerns (Zeithaml, Bitner, Gremler, 2006). Implications for Dell: As mentioned above, limitation understanding in local market is one explanation for Dell, the big company using direct sales model to partner with Gizmo, the Australian top service firm in technical support. However, there is more than one reason for Dell not to apply its innovation in the U. S to the new market and that is why this report will look closer to Dell’s strengths and weaknesses in term of services. Strengths: First, direct sales model enables Dell to completely control outlets and relationship with its customers. This means that Dell can maintain consistency in service provision as well as it can receive and respond to customers’ feedback faster than its rival thanks to the direct model. Second, because Dell also distributes services through electronic channel, it absolutely gains a range of benefits from this type such as consistent delivery for standardized services, wide distribution or customer convenience. Among those, the most significant advantage compared to other peer companies using electronic channel is that Dell is the first practitioner of the build-to-order which encourages customer involvement and customizes its products. Although Compaq, GateWay and Micron have tried to implement built-to-order processes, Dell seems to overweigh them by the stronger available network (Kraemer, Dedrick, Yamashiro, 1999, p. 1). Besides benefits from the distribution channel, Dell leads the IT industry in term of post sale support providing customers with many choices to blend the channels as well as time frame of service delivery. Customers can choose the basic support – business hours telephone support and next business-day on-site support, silver, gold or plati num support which provides faster and more flexible in technical support. A numerous services not only reflect high level of customization but they also show the implication of service theory in its strategy in that by guarantee it reduces customer perceived risks i. . functional risk and temporal risk. For example, customer will be more confident when purchasing Dell laptops because they know that they have one year guarantee of technology support from the company with guarantee reasonable time of service through various ways (by phone, internet and on-site). Weaknesses: There are many weaknesses due to the channel distribution it chooses. In the limitation of this paper, four major weaknesses that somehow force Dell to match with retailer Officeworks and recently partner with Gizmo in Australia are pointed out. Firstly, customer perceived of financial, functional, physical, psychological and sensory risks for buying on-line or phone still challenge Dell. One example is when a customer wants to purchase a laptop online. Even he can see it and chooses the suitable configuration thanks to the perfect IT system, he may be worried about the function – whether or not it works as well as promised, about temporal risk – how long the laptop is distributed or financial risk – whether he will lose his money if the firm delivers to the wrong address.